HYDROGEN BONDING

HYDROGEN BONDING   Hydrogen bonding is an attractive force which occurs in any compound whose molecule contains O-H or O-N bonds (as in water, alcohol, acids, amines, and amides). The hydrogen is attached directly to one of the most electronegative elements, causing the hydrogen to acquire a significant amount of positive charge. Each of the elements to which the hydrogen is attached is not only significantly negative, but also has at least one "active" lone pair. e.g.Adjacent molecule of the compound containing an O-H bond will be...

INTRODUCTION TO PHARMACY

INTRODUCTION TO PHARMACY PHARMACY:“Pharmacy is the art and science of preparing from natural and synthetic sources suitable and convenient materials for distribution and use in the treatment and prevention of disease; and the provision of drug-related information to the public. It involves the interpretation of prescription orders; the compounding, labeling and dispensing of drugs; drug product selection and drug utilization reviews; patient monitoring; and the provision of cognitive services related to use of medications.” ...

Chemical Properties of Carbohydrates

Chemical Properties of Carbohydrates with special reference to Glucose1.      Formation of GlycosidesWhat are glycosides? Glycosides are molecules in which a sugar (carbohydrate) is bound to a non-sugar moiety (non-carbohydrate). In glycoside molecule, the sugar part is known as glycone and the non-sugar part is known as aglycone par. In the formation of glycosides, hydroxyl group (OH) of anomeric carbon of sugar part reacts with hydroxyl group of non sugars part through glycosidic linkage e.g. Amygdalin. This linkage is...